Tag: design-database

All the articles with the tag "design-database".

• System Design - How Prometheus TSDB (Time-Series Database) Works

  13 Jun, 2026

  How Prometheus stores time-series data: the in-memory head block, Write-Ahead Log, chunk encoding, compaction into persistent blocks, and how queries traverse the layered architecture. Source code walkthrough from the prometheus/prometheus repository.

• System Design - How Vectorized Query Execution Works

  11 Jun, 2026

  How vectorized query execution works in modern databases: the Volcano model's limitations, batch-at-a-time processing, columnar memory layout, SIMD exploitation, and source code walkthrough from DuckDB and Apache DataFusion.

• System Design - How Columnar Storage Works

  1 Jun, 2026

  How columnar storage works: row vs column layout, compression techniques, vectorized execution, Apache Parquet internals, and why modern analytics engines like ClickHouse and DuckDB are so fast.

• System Design - How Database Replication Works

  26 May, 2026

  How database replication works: physical vs logical replication, MySQL binlog and PostgreSQL WAL streaming, replication lag, semi-synchronous commit, and the CAP trade-offs in real systems.

• System Design - How Database Sharding Works

  19 May, 2026

  How database sharding works: partitioning strategies (hash, range, directory), routing mechanisms, resharding challenges, and how real systems (Vitess, TiDB, DynamoDB, CockroachDB) implement it.

• System Design - How Column-Oriented Databases Work

  12 May, 2026

  How column-oriented (columnar) databases work: row vs column storage layout, compression techniques, vectorized execution, and source code walkthrough from ClickHouse.